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True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
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1. |
Genetics is the branch of biology that involves the study of how different traits are transmitted from one generation to the next.
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2. |
Mendel discovered predictable patterns in the inheritance of traits.
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3. |
The scientific study of heredity is called genetics.
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4. |
In Mendel’s experiments with the flower color of pea plants, only the parental generation produced white flowers.
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5. |
Mendel concluded that the patterns of inheritance are determined entirely by the environment.
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6. |
The law of independent assortment was proposed by Mendel to explain his observations of inheritance patterns.
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7. |
Genes on chromosomes are the units of inheritance.
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8. |
The allele for a recessive trait is usually represented by a capital letter.
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9. |
Heterozygous individuals have two of the same alleles for a particular gene.
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10. |
A probability of 1/4 is equal to a probability of 75 percent.
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11. |
The dominant allele for tallness in pea plants is represented by the letter t.
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12. |
In codominance, two alleles are expressed at the same time.
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13. |
All genes have only two alleles.
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14. |
A dihybrid cross involves two pairs of contrasting traits.
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15. |
Crosses involving a study of one gene are called monohybrid crosses.
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Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
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16. |
A reproductive process in which fertilization occurs within a single plant is ____________________.
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17. |
Mendel produced strains of pea plants through the process of ____________________.
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18. |
____________________ refers to the transmission of traits from parent to offspring in sexually reproducing organisms.
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19. |
In heterozygous individuals, only the ____________________ allele achieves expression.
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20. |
A trait that is not expressed in the F1 generation resulting from the crossbreeding of two genetically different, true-breeding organisms is called ____________________.
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21. |
The principle that states that one factor may mask the effect of another factor is the principle of ____________________.
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22. |
In Mendel’s experiments, a trait that disappeared in the F1 generation but reappeared in the F2 generation was always a ____________________.
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23. |
The cellular process that results in the segregation of Mendel’s factors is ____________________.
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24. |
Mendel formulated two principles known as the laws of ____________________.
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25. |
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is called ____________________.
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26. |
An organism’s ____________________ refers to the set of alleles it has inherited.
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27. |
The likelihood that a specific event will occur is called ____________________.
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In pea plants, tallness (T) is dominant to shortness (t). Crosses between plants with these traits can be analyzed using a Punnett square similar to the one shown below.
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28. |
Refer to the illustration above. The parents shown in the Punnett square could have offspring with a genotype ratio of ____________________.
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29. |
Refer to the illustration above. The phenotype of the plant that would be represented in box “4” of the Punnett square would be ____________________.
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30. |
A cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits is a(n) ____________________ cross.
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