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True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true
or false.
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1.
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Lobe-finned fishes were the ancestors of amphibians.
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2.
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Small, jawed fishes are the first vertebrates for which there is fossil
evidence.
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3.
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Fishes and amphibians first appeared on Earth during the Cambrian period, about 550
million years ago.
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4.
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A
fish’s gills would collapse on land.
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5.
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Since
they live in salt water, marine fishes do not have a problem maintaining the proper balance of water
and salt in their body.
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6.
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The
first fishes to develop jaws were called spiny fishes, members of the class
Acanthodia.
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7.
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Sharks have good vision and can detect electromagnetic fields coming from prey
animals.
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8.
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Members of the class Osteichthyes have skeletons of cartilage.
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9.
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Bony
fishes have a swim bladder.
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10.
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In
order to fill their swim bladders, bony fishes have to come to the surface to gulp air.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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11.
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Which
of the following would not be an advantage of the endoskeleton found in all
vertebrates? a. | It protects
internal body structures. | b. | It aids in movement. | c. | It helps prevent
desiccation in terrestrial vertebrates. | d. | It provides structural support in terrestrial
vertebrates. | | |
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12.
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The
urinary bladder and kidneys make up the ____ of a fish. a. | respiratory
system. | c. | excretory
system. | b. | digestive system. | d. | circulatory system. | | | | |
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13.
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The
first vertebrates a. | were jawless
fishes. | b. | had thick, bony plates that covered their
bodies. | c. | had no well-developed vertebral
column. | d. | All of the above | | |
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14.
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placoderms : armor :: a. | bony fishes : cartilaginous skeleton | b. | sharks : no
teeth | c. | lampreys : jaws | d. | sharks and bony
fishes : streamlined bodies | | |
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15.
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bony
fishes : stronger muscles :: a. | bony fishes : lungs | c. | sharks : ray fins | b. | sharks : bony
skeleton | d. | sharks : rows of
teeth | | | | |
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16.
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Which
of the following senses is not used by sharks to detect prey? a. | olfaction | c. | lateral-line
system | b. | vision | d. | touch | | | | |
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17.
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The
eggs of many species of sharks a. | are released from the mother’s body before
fertilization. | b. | are released from the mother’s body after
fertilization. | c. | are released from the mother’s body after developing into
young embryos. | d. | hatch inside the mother’s body, where the young sharks
continue to grow. | | |
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18.
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Members of the class Osteichthyes a. | have skeletons made of bone. | c. | include the rays and skates. | b. | do not have
jaws. | d. | All of the
above | | | | |
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19.
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A
collection chamber that reduces the resistance of blood flow into the heart of a fish is called
the a. | sinus venosus. | c. | conus
arteriosus. | b. | ventricle. | d. | atrium. | | | | |
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20.
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The
countercurrent flow of water and blood found in the gills of fishes a. | allows blood and
water to flow in the same direction. | b. | ensures that oxygen diffuses into the blood over the whole
length of the blood vessels in the gills. | c. | results in an uneven supply of oxygen reaching the blood
vessels in the gills. | d. | hampers the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the
blood and the water. | | |
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