Chapter 33 Invertebrates
Objectives
| Sponges | |||
| 1. | From a diagram, identify the parts of a sponge (including the spongocoel, porocyte, epidermis, choanocyte, mesohyl, amoebocyte, osculum, and spicules) and describe the function of each. | ||
| Eumetazoa | |||
| 2. | List the characteristics of the phylum Cnidaria that distinguish it from the other animal phyla. | ||
| 3. | Describe the specialized cells that are found in Cnidarians. | ||
| 4. | Describe the two basic body plans in Cnidaria and their role in Cnidarian life cycles. | ||
| 5. | List the four classes of Cnidaria and distinguish among them based on life cycle and morphological characteristics. | ||
| Bilateria | |||
| 6. | Distinguish between: a. diploblastic and triploblastic development b. acoelomates and coelomates c. gastrovascular cavity and alimentary canal d. protostome and deuterostome |
||
| 7. | List the characteristics of the phylum Platyhelminthes that distinguish it from the other animal phyla. | ||
| 8. | Distinguish among the four classes of Platyhelminthes and give examples of each. | ||
| 9. | Describe the generalized life cycle of a trematode and give an example of one fluke that parasitizes humans. | ||
| 10. | Explain how trematodes evade detection by the immune systems of their hosts. | ||
| 11. | Describe the anatomy and generalized life cycle of a tapeworm. | ||
| 12. | Describe unique features of rotifers that distinguish them from other pseudocoelomates. | ||
| 13. | Define parthenogenesis and describe asexual forms of rotifer reproduction. | ||
| 14. | Define lophophore and list three lophophorate phyla. | ||
| 15. | List the distinguishing characteristics of the phylum Nemertea. | ||
| 16. | Explain the relationship between nemerteans and flatworms. | ||
| 17. | List the characteristics that distinguish the phylum Mollusca from the other animal phyla. | ||
| 18. | Describe the basic body plan of a mollusc and explain how it has been modified in the Bivalvia, Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, and Polyplacophora. | ||
| 19. | List the characteristics that distinguish the phylum Annelida from other animal phyla. | ||
| 20. | Distinguish among the three classes of Annelida and give examples of each. | ||
| 21. | Describe the adaptations that enable some leeches to feed on blood. | ||
| 22. | List the characteristics of the phylum Nematoda that distinguish it from other wormlike animals. | ||
| 23. | Give examples of both parasitic and free-living species of nematodes. | ||
| 24. | List the characteristics of arthropods that distinguish them from the other animal phyla. List the three features that account for the success of this phylum. | ||
| 25. | Describe advantages and disadvantages of an exoskeleton. | ||
| 26. | Distinguish between hemocoel and coelom. | ||
| 27. | Define and distinguish
between the major arthropod lines of evolution represented by: a. Cheliceriformes b. Hexapoda c. Crustacea d. Myriapoda |
||
| 28. | Describe three specialized features of spiders. | ||
| 29. | Describe two features that may account for the great diversity of insects. | ||
| Deuterostomia | |||
| 30. | List the characteristics of echinoderms that distinguish them from other animal phyla. | ||
| 31. | Distinguish among the six classes of echinoderms and give examples of each. | ||
| 32. | Explain why the phylum Chordata is included in a chapter on invertebrates. | ||
| 33. | Describe the developmental similarities between echinoderms and chordates. | ||
