Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make
the statement true.
|
|
|
1.
|
Accepting ideas is the cornerstone of scientific thought.
_________________________
|
|
|
2.
|
Skepticism is a habit of mind in which a person accepts the validity of
accepted ideas. _________________________
|
|
|
3.
|
The law of gravity and the law of conservation of energy are national
laws. _________________________
|
|
|
4.
|
Scientific investigations require ethical behavior.
_________________________
|
|
|
5.
|
Most scientific investigations begin with observations that lead to universal
laws. _________________________
|
|
|
6.
|
A hypothesis is a possible explanation that can be tested by observation
or experimentation. _________________________
|
|
|
7.
|
The control group and the experimental group are identical except for one
variable. _________________________
|
|
|
8.
|
A hypothesis is a general explanation for a broad range of data.
_________________________
|
|
|
9.
|
International System of Units (SI) is the official name of the metric
system. _________________________
|
|
|
10.
|
A centimeter is equal to 10 millimeters. _________________________
|
|
|
11.
|
Light and electron autoclaves help magnify objects.
_________________________
|
|
|
12.
|
A technique is a way of doing something. _________________________
|
|
|
13.
|
In the event of a lab accident, one thing you should always do is remain
calm. _________________________
|
|
|
14.
|
Biology is the study of nonliving things.
_________________________
|
|
|
15.
|
A student who wants to study bacteria would take microbiology classes.
_________________________
|
|
|
16.
|
Reproduction insures ongoing generations of both one-celled organisms and
frogs. _________________________
|
|
|
17.
|
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment in spite
of changes in the external environment. _________________________
|
|
|
18.
|
The bacterium that causes cholera is an example of a pathogen.
_________________________
|
|
|
19.
|
Scientists discovered that predicting the spread of cholera involves
understanding reproductive behavior of plankton. _________________________
|
|
|
20.
|
The study of all the factors in the spread of cholera in human populations is an
example of ecology. _________________________
|
|
|
21.
|
Scientists in the 21st century are better able to prevent disease because of
their improved understanding of biology. _________________________
|
|
|
22.
|
The completion of the Human Genome Project was one minor contribution to
the ability to cure disease. _________________________
|
|
|
23.
|
Scientists expect people to live longer lives because of advances in the
science of biology. _________________________
|
|
|
24.
|
The application of technology to medicine has greatly increased the
ability of people to live healthy lives. _________________________
|
|
|
25.
|
Genetic engineering is the only practical application of biotechnology.
_________________________
|
|
|
26.
|
Genetic engineering is widely used in agriculture to produce crops that are
pest-resistant. _________________________
|
|
|
27.
|
Surrounding a drug compound with a layer of atoms that allows for the slow
release of the drug is an example of genetic engineering. _________________________
|
|
|
28.
|
Making a new kind of fastener modeled on the way an aquatic animal fastens onto
rocks on the ocean floor is an example of nanotechnology. _________________________
|
|
|
29.
|
Biometrics involves analyzing large amounts of data on biological
characteristics. _________________________
|
|
|
30.
|
Unique genetic traits, such as hair color, are the most important source
of data for biometrics. _________________________
|
|
|
31.
|
Advances in biotechnology have been slowed by ethical concerns.
_________________________
|
|
|
32.
|
The ethics of different kinds of biotechnology will be decided by individuals
and scientists. _________________________
|
|
|
33.
|
One good way to protect the environment is to learn more about it.
_________________________
|
|
|
34.
|
Environmental science involves neither the study of organisms nor
their physical surroundings. _________________________
|
|
|
35.
|
One reason that wildlife biologists collect DNA samples from endangered species
is the hope that these species can be cloned if they become extinct.
_________________________
|
|
|
36.
|
Genetic engineering is used to track the movements of animals in the
wild. _________________________
|
|
|
37.
|
Community environmental groups make problems for environmental research.
_________________________
|
Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
38.
|
Which of the following do scientists not use to support ideas?
a. | opinions | c. | experiments | b. | evidence | d. | investigations |
|
|
|
39.
|
Which of the following applies to all branches of science?
a. | cell organization | c. | gravity | b. | earthquakes | d. | reproduction |
|
|
|
40.
|
Which of the following is unethical behavior in scientific
investigations?
a. | allowing peers to review investigations | b. | following guidelines
for medical experiments | c. | reporting inaccurate data | d. | basing
investigations on someone else’s work |
|
|
|
41.
|
Scientific thinking can be used
a. | only by scientists. | c. | by all living things. | b. | only in
experiments. | d. | by everyone in
daily life. |
|
|
|
42.
|
A scientist noticed that the number of salamanders in ponds in the Rocky
Mountains was declining. This was a(n)
a. | hypothesis. | c. | observation. | b. | theory. | d. | control. |
|
|
|
43.
|
A hypothesis is a
a. | definite answer to a given problem. | b. | testable possible explanation of an
observation. | c. | proven statement. | d. | concluding
statement. |
|
|
|
44.
|
observation : hypothesis ::
a. | theory : observation | c. | certainty : prediction | b. | guess :
hypothesis | d. | hypothesis :
investigation |
|
|
|
45.
|
Most typically, the order in which the steps of scientific investigations are
applied is
a. | controlled experiment, hypothesis, analysis of results, observations, questions,
conclusions. | b. | observations, controlled experiment, hypothesis, analysis of results, conclusions,
questions. | c. | observations, questions, hypothesis, controlled experiment, analysis of results,
conclusions. | d. | questions, observations, analysis of results, controlled experiment, conclusions,
hypothesis. |
|
|
|
46.
|
If experiments are not possible or ethical, scientists
a. | cannot test a hypothesis. | b. | test more than one variable at a
time. | c. | do not use a control group. | d. | look for connections in data
gathered. |
|
|
|
47.
|
Scientific hypotheses are most often tested by the process of
a. | communicating. | c. | experimenting. | b. | inferring. | d. | analyzing data. |
|
|
|
48.
|
A planned procedure to test a hypothesis is called a(n)
a. | prediction. | c. | control. | b. | experiment. | d. | variable. |
|
|
|
49.
|
The variable that is measured in an experiment is the _____ variable.
a. | dependent | c. | control | b. | independent | d. | experimental |
|
|
|
50.
|
A general explanation for a broad range of data is called a
a. | hypothesis. | c. | prediction. | b. | theory. | d. | controlled
experiment. |
|
|
|
51.
|
A scientific theory is
a. | absolutely certain and never questioned. | b. | unchangeable. | c. | revised as new evidence is
presented. | d. | a controlled experiment. |
|
|
|
52.
|
Scientists build theories from many
a. | experiments that support hypotheses. | b. | hypotheses that are
rejected. | c. | experiments with different variables. | d. | untested ideas. |
|
|
|
53.
|
The metric system of measurement is based on powers of
|
|
|
54.
|
A specialized tool used to magnify organisms so that they can be observed is
a
a. | pipet. | c. | satellite. | b. | microscope. | d. | laminar-flow
hood. |
|
|
|
55.
|
Which of the following would scientists use to prevent contamination in an
experiment?
a. | electron microscope | c. | remote collection of data | b. | light
microscope | d. | sterile
technique |
|
|
|
56.
|
Which of the following is the most recent tool available to scientists?
a. | remote tracking devices | c. | autoclaves | b. | microscopes | d. | sterilized pipets |
|
|
|
57.
|
You can work safely in the science lab by
a. | taking shortcuts in procedures. | b. | waiting until the end of experiments to clean
area. | c. | estimating measurements of chemicals. | d. | following all
instructions. |
|
|
|
58.
|
All of the following are important for working safely in a science laboratory
except
a. | tasting chemicals. | c. | working cautiously. | b. | measuring chemicals
precisely. | d. | wearing safety
goggles. |
|
|
|
59.
|
Biology is the study of
a. | life. | c. | weather. | b. | minerals. | d. | energy. |
|
|
|
60.
|
The branch of biology that is the study of the human body is
a. | ecology. | c. | cell biology. | b. | evolutionary theory. | d. | physiology. |
|
|
|
61.
|
Which of the following is not one of the seven properties of life?
a. | metabolism | c. | responsiveness | b. | homeostasis | d. | photosynthesis |
|
|
|
62.
|
As a characteristic of all living things, homeostasis relates most directly to
which of the following biological themes?
a. | interacting systems | c. | stability | b. | scale and structure | d. | evolution |
|
|
|
63.
|
chemical reactions : metabolism ::
a. | cells : an organism | c. | reproduction : living | b. | heredity :
homeostasis | d. | experimentation
: observation |
|
|
|
64.
|
All living things maintain a balance within their cells and with the environment
through the process of
a. | growth. | c. | homeostasis. | b. | development. | d. | evolution. |
|
|
|
65.
|
The energy that drives metabolism in animals comes from
a. | homeostasis. | c. | water. | b. | food. | d. | heredity. |
|
|
|
66.
|
Children tend to resemble their parents due to
a. | heredity. | c. | metabolism. | b. | responsiveness. | d. | homeostasis. |
|
|
|
67.
|
A field of sunflowers facing the sun is an example of
a. | metabolism. | c. | responsiveness. | b. | growth. | d. | heredity. |
|
|
|
68.
|
The changes in human babies during their first year of life is an example
of
a. | heredity. | c. | evolution. | b. | responsiveness. | d. | development. |
|
|
|
69.
|
Filtering contaminated water through a sari is
a. | an ineffective way to reduce cases of cholera. | b. | the best way to
prevent the spread of cholera. | c. | a low-tech solution to reducing cases of
cholera. | d. | another factor that causes cholera to spread rapidly. |
|
|
|
70.
|
All of the following should be researched in studying the epidemiology of
waterborne diseases except the
a. | genomes of the pathogens. | b. | habitat of pathogens. | c. | food chain of the
pathogens. | d. | environmental factors that affect pathogens. |
|
|
|
71.
|
One of the most important tools in preventing the spread of disease is
a. | computer modeling. | c. | genetic engineering. | b. | DNA fingerprinting. | d. | giving
vaccinations. |
|
|
|
72.
|
computer modeling : epidemiology ::
a. | genetics : DNA fingerprinting | b. | cloning : biotechnology | c. | genome :
vaccination | d. | human health : disease prevention |
|
|
|
73.
|
Which of the following terms is used to refer to a piece of equipment made for a
specific use?
a. | process | c. | device | b. | cure | d. | treatment |
|
|
|
74.
|
Which of the following is least likely to help humans live longer?
a. | epidemiology | c. | genetics | b. | medicine | d. | DNA
fingerprinting |
|
|
|
75.
|
knowledge of biology : human potential ::
a. | assistive technologies : everyday lives | b. | human potential :
epidemiology | c. | populations : disease outbreaks | d. | genomes :
genetics |
|
|
|
76.
|
The technology of changing the genetic material of a living cell is
called
a. | biometrics. | c. | genetics. | b. | genetic engineering. | d. | DNA
fingerprinting. |
|
|
|
77.
|
Planting Bt corn helps farmers decrease the use of
a. | fertilizers. | c. | pesticides. | b. | herbicides. | d. | cultivators. |
|
|
|
78.
|
All of the following are known advantages of planting Bt corn except
it
a. | adds some bacterial genes to food supplies. | b. | lowers a
farmer’s cost of production. | c. | improves a farmer’s crop
yield. | d. | reduces chemical contaminants in the environment. |
|
|
|
79.
|
The application of a biological structure or process to solve design problems is
called
a. | adaptation. | c. | cloning. | b. | biomimetics. | d. | decoding. |
|
|
|
80.
|
Which of these biotechnologies has the potential to repair tissues inside the
body?
a. | biometrics | c. | epidemiology | b. | biomimetics | d. | nanotechnology |
|
|
|
81.
|
clam shell formation : ceramics ::
a. | CAT scanning : modeling fossils | b. | strong fabrics : spider
silk | c. | spider silk : strong fabrics | d. | modeling fossils : CAT
scanning |
|
|
|
82.
|
The analysis of biological traits to identify people is called
a. | arithmetics. | c. | genetics. | b. | biometrics. | d. | statistics. |
|
|
|
83.
|
Which of the following traits of an individual would be most useful for
identifying a victim in a forensic investigation?
a. | eye color | c. | blood type | b. | hair color | d. | DNA fingerprint |
|
|
|
84.
|
The ethical concerns about biotechnology must be addressed by
a. | scientists only. | c. | both individuals and scientists. | b. | societies
only. | d. | both individuals and
societies. |
|
|
|
85.
|
All of the following biotechnologies are considered by some to be unethical
except
a. | biomimetic products. | c. | human stem cell research. | b. | biometrics data
bases. | d. | genetically modified
foods. |
|
|
|
86.
|
Which of the following would be an unethical use of biometric data and
methods?
a. | linking criminals to crime scenes | b. | eliminating innocent people from a list of
criminal suspects | c. | excluding people with certain genes from
getting jobs | d. | protecting citizens from bioterrorism |
|
|
|
87.
|
Which of the following is considered to be one of the most important
applications of biology?
a. | biometrics | c. | environmental science | b. | genetic
engineering | d. | assistive
technologies |
|
|
|
88.
|
In order to make wise decisions about the use of natural resources, citizens
will need to have a better understanding of
a. | biomimetics. | c. | environmental science. | b. | genetics. | d. | genetic engineering. |
|
|
|
89.
|
ecology : environmental science ::
a. | biomolecules : strong glues | c. | forensics :
biometrics | b. | genetics : genetic engineering | d. | spider silk : clam
shells |
|
|
|
90.
|
What do the initials GIS stand for?
a. | geological inference standard | c. | geographic information
system | b. | genetic improvement survey | d. | global investigation society |
|
|
|
91.
|
Satellite tagging is a technology that is most likely to be used
in
a. | assisting the disabled. | c. | developing maps of the
world. | b. | conservation of wildlife. | d. | tracking the spread of disease. |
|
|
|
92.
|
Each of the following is a part of a GIS program except
a. | access to data from different sources. | b. | computer mapping. | c. | environmental
databases. | d. | genetic analysis tools. |
|
|
|
93.
|
Which of the following must be done before an environmental study is begun
locally?
a. | contact several scientists | c. | identify a
problem | b. | buy a GIS program | d. | gather up volunteers |
|
|
|
94.
|
At the Raptor Rehabilitation Center, students in an environmental club help take
care of injured and orphaned birds of prey. Based on this information, what does the term
raptor refer to?
a. | a bird of prey | c. | orphaned wildlife | b. | the environment | d. | debilitating
injury |
|
Completion
Complete each
statement.
|
|
|
95.
|
The medical treatment for ulcers changed after scientists discovered that
____________________ cause stomach ulcers.
|
|
|
96.
|
The questioning and often doubtful attitude required for scientific thought is
called ____________________.
|
|
|
97.
|
The truths that govern science and are valid everywhere in the universe are
universal ____________________.
|
|
|
98.
|
____________________ are a system of moral principles and values.
|
|
|
99.
|
Most scientific investigations begin with ____________________ that lead to
questions.
|
|
|
100.
|
A reason to set up an experiment is to test a ____________________.
|
|
|
101.
|
A(n) ____________________ experiment is a procedure that tests one factor at a
time and that uses a(n) ____________________ group and an experimental group.
|
|
|
102.
|
In a controlled experiment, the ____________________ group is the group that has
one variable changed.
|
|
|
103.
|
In an experiment, the ____________________ group receives no experimental
treatment.
|
|
|
104.
|
Factors that may change as a result of experimental treatment are
____________________ variables.
|
|
|
105.
|
A(n) ____________________ is a specific, testable prediction for a limited set
of conditions, and a(n) ____________________ is a general explanation for a broad range of
data.
|
|
|
106.
|
Scientists use the ______________________________ system to make
measurements.
|
|
|
107.
|
SI is the abbreviation for the ____________________ System of Units.
|
|
|
108.
|
The SI base unit for length is the ____________________.
|
|
|
109.
|
A kilogram is equal to ____________________ grams.
|
|
|
110.
|
In a light microscope, light passes through one or more ____________________ to
produce an enlarged image of an object.
|
|
|
111.
|
Scientists use ____________________ techniques to minimize the risk of
contamination.
|
|
|
112.
|
The study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the
nonliving part of their environment is called ____________________.
|
|
|
113.
|
The branch of biology that studies the changes in types of organisms over time
is called ___________________ theory.
|
|
|
114.
|
Scientists who study whales, bats, or bears in their natural habitat are called
____________________ biologists.
|
|
|
115.
|
The process of _________________ traits changing over time is called
evolution.
|
|
|
116.
|
Every living organism is composed of one or more ____________________.
|
|
|
117.
|
All cells have the same basic ____________________.
|
|
|
118.
|
The sum of all chemical reactions carried out in an organism is
____________________.
|
|
|
119.
|
The energy used by living organisms originates from the
____________________.
|
|
|
120.
|
The study of ____________________ involves finding out how diseases are
spread.
|
|
|
121.
|
Cholera bacteria can cause the disease only when ____________________
increases.
|
|
|
122.
|
A ____________________ is a medical procedure that allows a person to resist
infection by a certain disease.
|
|
|
123.
|
Many new tools for studying and treating diseases caused by problems in genes
have come from the study of ____________________.
|
|
|
124.
|
In developed countries, the length of human lives has nearly
____________________ in the past century.
|
|
|
125.
|
One example of an assistive technology that helps people in everyday life is
____________________.
|
|
|
126.
|
The gene that was added to Bt corn came from a(n) ____________________.
|
|
|
127.
|
Bt corn contains a gene that produces a ____________________ that kills the
European core borer.
|
|
|
128.
|
The robotic items produced through nanotechnology often resemble tiny
____________________.
|
|
|
129.
|
Imitating biological structures, processes, and systems to solve engineering
problems is called ____________________.
|
|
|
130.
|
Because of ____________________, dissection is no longer needed to determine the
shapes and locations of internal organs.
|
|
|
131.
|
Fingerprints and iris patterns are useful in identification because they are
____________________ to individuals.
|
|
|
132.
|
Material used in ____________________ is obtained from hair and skin
cells.
|
|
|
133.
|
Research that involves human stem cells is limited because many people think
that such research is ____________________.
|
|
|
134.
|
The study of living organisms and their environments is called
_________________________.
|
|
|
135.
|
The existence of undiscovered resources is an important reason to study and
____________________ natural environments.
|
|
|
136.
|
The movements of wildlife can be studied through the technology of
____________________.
|
|
|
137.
|
Wildlife agents use the technology of ____________________ to identify the
remains of endangered animals and to identify who killed them.
|
|
|
138.
|
The people in communities who make contributions to environmental research are
called ____________________.
|
|
|
139.
|
Students make contributions to environmental conservation by helping to care for
____________________ or ____________________ wildlife.
|
Short Answer
|
|
|
140.
|
What universal law applies in a study of the flight of birds? How does it
apply?
|
|
|
141.
|
How could you use scientific thought to investigate a claim about a
product?
|
|
|
142.
|
Write a hypothesis to explain why the water level in an aquarium is going
down.
|
|
|
143.
|
What two groups are part of a controlled experiment?
|
|
|
144.
|
What is the difference between an independent variable and dependent variables
in a controlled experiment?
|
|
|
145.
|
How does a scientist verify the conclusions of an experiment?
|
|
|
146.
|
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
|
|
|
147.
|
What makes SI easy to use?
|
|
|
148.
|
What are the base SI units for volume, length, and mass?
|
|
|
149.
|
What are two common kinds of microscopes. How do they differ?
|
|
|
150.
|
What is sterile technique? What are four tools of sterile technique?
|
|
|
151.
|
Suppose you are a scientist who studies sharks in their natural habitat. What
are two names that describe the kind of biologist you are?
|
|
|
152.
|
What is heredity?
|
|
|
153.
|
Name the seven properties of life.
|
|
|
154.
|
How are data from weather and climate satellites used in epidemiology?
|
|
|
155.
|
How does a vaccination help people and animals resist disease?
|
|
|
156.
|
How will the completion of the Human Genome Project contribute to biological
research in the 21st Century?
|
|
|
157.
|
List two examples of assistive technologies that will improve the lives of
people with injuries and diseases.
|
|
|
158.
|
How does genetic engineering that produced Bt corn help to increase the yield in
a farmer’s corn field?
|
|
|
159.
|
List two practical applications of biotechnology other than genetic
engineering.
|
|
|
160.
|
How has genetic engineering improved the treatment of people who have
diabetes?
|
|
|
161.
|
From what biological structure did engineers get the idea for a
submarine?
|
|
|
162.
|
What makes iris scans an effective technology for identifying people?
|
|
|
163.
|
List two biological characteristics of individuals, besides fingerprints and
iris patterns, that can be analyzed by computers to identify people.
|
|
|
164.
|
List two concerns that people have expressed about the ethics of
biotechnology.
|
|
|
165.
|
List three important resources that all living things get from the
environment.
|
|
|
166.
|
What do the initials GIS stand for?
|
|
|
167.
|
What is satellite tagging?
|
|
|
168.
|
List three steps that students could take to get involved in environmental
research.
|
Essay
|
|
|
169.
|
Explain why accurate data and peer review are important in science.
|
|
|
170.
|
The results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis that the experiment
was designed to test. Was the experiment a waste of time? Explain your answer.
|
|
|
171.
|
Explain the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable
in a controlled experiment. Also indicate whether or not each kind of variable would be found in a
control group and an experimental group.
|
|
|
172.
|
Summarize the steps in the development of a theory.
|
|
|
173.
|
Before doing experiments, what should you know about lab safety? What procedure
should you follow if an accident occurs during an experiment in your class?
|
|
|
174.
|
List and describe the seven properties of life shared by all living
organisms.
|
|
|
175.
|
Toads that live in hot, dry regions bury themselves in the soil during the day.
How might this be important to toads?
|
|
|
|
|
|
176.
|
Refer to the map above. West Nile Virus is a virus that attacks the nervous
system of birds, humans, and many other mammals. The virus first appeared in the United States in
1999, when an outbreak was reported in the New York City area. Based on this background and the
information shown in the map, write a paragraph that summarizes the state of West Nile Virus
incidence in the United States as of 2006.
|
|
|
177.
|
Explain how increased understanding of biology and science in general should
enable humans to live longer and healthier lives.
|
|
|
178.
|
Compare and contrast fingerprints and DNA fingerprints as a means of identifying
individuals.
|
|
|
179.
|
Ethics is the study of whether human actions are moral (right or wrong,
acceptable or unacceptable). Summarize the role of ethics in guiding the future of
biotechnology.
|
|
|
180.
|
What important lesson can be learned from the recent discovery of new kinds of
organisms in a remote area of New Guinea?
|