Chapter 5 Homeostasis and Transport RETEST

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

As a result of diffusion, the concentration of many types of substances

a.	always remains greater inside a membrane.
b.	eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane.
c.	always remains greater on the outside of a membrane.
d.	becomes imbalanced on both sides of a membrane.

Diffusion takes place

a.	only through a lipid bilayer membrane.
b.	from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
c.	only in liquids.
d.	from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

            Concentration of Water and Solutes in Four Adjacent Cells

Refer to the illustration above. Which cell is most likely to lose both water molecules and solute molecules as the system approaches equilibrium?

a.	cell “A”	c.	cell “C”
b.	cell “B”	d.	cell “D”

Refer to the illustration above. In this system, solute molecules in cell “B” are most likely to

a.	remain in cell “B.”	c.	diffuse into cell “A.”
b.	adhere to cell “B’s” membrane.	d.	diffuse into cell “D”

Refer to the illustration above. In this system, water molecules are most likely to diffuse in which direction?

a.	from “A” to “B”	c.	from “D” to “C”
b.	from “B” to “D”	d.	from “C” to “A”

The dispersal of ink in a beaker of water is an example of

a.	diffusion.	c.	active transport.
b.	osmosis.	d.	endocytosis.

heavy rains : flooding ::

a.	osmosis : proton pumping
b.	high solute concentration : isotonic solution
c.	active transport : ATP
d.	concentration difference : osmosis

Sugar molecules can enter cells through the process of

a.	exocytosis.	c.	osmosis.
b.	facilitated diffusion.	d.	ion pumps.

Channels utilizing facilitated diffusion

a.	work in two directions.
b.	require an electrical signal to function.
c.	Both a and b
d.	None of the above

Which of the following is not characteristic of facilitated diffusion?

a.	It requires a carrier protein.
b.	It moves substances against a concentration gradient.
c.	It requires no energy input.
d.	It involves a change in the shape of its carrier.

Which of the following is true of ions and their transport across cell membranes?

a.	The “gates” for ion channels are always open.
b.	Ions are very small and thus can cross cell membranes readily.
c.	Electrical or chemical signals may control the movement of ions across cell membranes.
d.	Because they are charged particles, the movement of ions across cell membranes requires energy input.

Which of the following does not expend energy?

a.	diffusion	c.	active transport
b.	chemiosmosis	d.	a sodium-potassium pump

Which of the following enters a cell by active transport?

a.	glucose	c.	sodium ion
b.	water	d.	potassium ion

The process by which water passes into or out of a cell is called

a.	solubility.	c.	selective transport.
b.	osmosis.	d.	endocytosis.

Refer to the illustration above. The process shown is called

a.	osmosis.	c.	active transport.
b.	facilitated diffusion.	d.	diffusion.

The sodium-potassium pump usually pumps

a.	potassium out of the cell.
b.	sodium into the cell.
c.	potassium into the cell.
d.	only a potassium and sugar molecule together.

proton pump : protons ::

a.	ATP : protons	c.	sodium-potassium pump : ATP
b.	channel : protons	d.	sodium-potassium pump : sodium

Ridding the cell of material by discharging it from sacs at the cell surface is called

a.	chemiosmosis.	c.	exocytosis.
b.	exorcism.	d.	endocytosis.

Molecules that are too large to be moved across a cell membrane can be removed from the cell by

a.	diffusion.	c.	lipid carriers.
b.	exocytosis.	d.	osmosis.

Molecules that are too large to be moved through the membrane can be transported into the cell by

a.	osmosis.	c.	lipid carriers.
b.	endocytosis.	d.	diffusion.

endocytosis : exocytosis ::

a.	phagocytosis : bacteria	c.	cold : hot
b.	secrete : exocytosis	d.	white blood cell : bacteria