Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make
the statement true.
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1.
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A gene is a segment of DNA that directs the production of RNA and
protein. _________________________
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2.
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The information needed by a cell to direct its activities and to determine its
characteristics is contained in molecules of protein. _________________________
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3.
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After the replication of a cell’s DNA, there are twice as many
centromeres as there are chromatids. _________________________
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4.
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Cells that seldom divide spend most of their time in interphase.
_________________________
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5.
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After mitosis and interphase, each new cell has a complete set of the
parent cell’s chromosomes. _________________________
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6.
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In animal cells, cytokinesis results when a cell plate forms across the
cell to divide the cytoplasm. _________________________
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7.
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Plant cells separate their cytoplasm during cytokinesis when protein
threads pinch the cell in half. _________________________
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8.
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The cell cycle has four checkpoints that act to inhibit uncontrolled cell
division. _________________________
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9.
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Offspring formed by asexual reproduction look exactly like their parent.
_________________________
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10.
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In budding, new individuals develop from pieces of the original
individual. _________________________
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11.
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Some eukaryotes reproduce asexually, and some produce sexually.
_________________________
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12.
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In asexual reproduction, two parents each pass genetic material to their
offspring. _________________________
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13.
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Asexual reproduction provides for genetic diversity, the raw material for
evolution. _________________________
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14.
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Genetic diversity is the raw material for evolution.
_________________________
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15.
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Genes on chromosomes are the units of inheritance.
_________________________
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16.
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Each human somatic cell contains two copies of each chromosome for a total of
23 chromosomes. _________________________
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17.
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Gametes are diploid so that when fertilization occurs, the resulting
zygote will have the characteristic number of chromosomes for that species.
_________________________
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18.
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While paired together during the second division of meiosis, two
chromosomes may exchange segments of DNA. _________________________
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19.
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Crossing-over is the exchange of corresponding portions of chromatids
between homologous chromosomes. _________________________
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20.
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Random fertilization refers to the fact that homologous chromosomes are
distributed randomly during meiosis. _________________________
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21.
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The process by which sperm are produced in male animals is called
spermatogenesis. _________________________
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22.
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During the diploid life cycle, all of the cells are diploid.
_________________________
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23.
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During the haploid life cycle, the zygote is the only diploid cell.
_________________________
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24.
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In the life cycle of a plant, the gametophyte is the haploid phase that produces
gametes by mitosis. _________________________
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25.
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A spore gives rise to a multicellular individual without joining with
another cell. _________________________
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26.
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Moss plants have haploid life cycles.
______________________________
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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27.
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Which of the following is not a reason cells divide?
a. | The cell gets too big to process and transport nutrients. | b. | New cells are needed
for growth. | c. | DNA cannot be copied quickly enough in large cells. | d. | Surface
area-to-volume ratio becomes too large. |
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28.
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The chromosome of a bacterium
a. | is wrapped around proteins. | b. | has a circular shape. | c. | occurs in multiple
pairs within the cell. | d. | is found within the
nucleus. |
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29.
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The region of a chromosome where two sister chromatids are held together is
called a
a. | spindle. | c. | nucleosome. | b. | centromere. | d. | centriole. |
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30.
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Chromatids are
a. | dense patches within the nucleus. | b. | bacterial chromosomes. | c. | joined strands of
duplicated genetic material. | d. | prokaryotic
nuclei. |
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31.
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When a chromosome condenses,
a. | a histone wraps around chromatin. | b. | beads form on the DNA double
helix. | c. | its centromere splits. | d. | looped domains coil into a
structure. |
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32.
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In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by
a. | breaking apart into separate genes. | b. | extending to form very long, thin
molecules. | c. | wrapping tightly around histones. | d. | being enzymatically changed into a
protein. |
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33.
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In a bacterium, cell division takes place when
a. | its nucleus divides. | b. | the cell splits into two cells, one of which
receives all of the DNA. | c. | the DNA is copied, a new cell wall forms
between the DNA copies, and the cell splits into two cells. | d. | spindle fibers
form. |
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34.
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The phase of the cell cycle that occupies most of an average cell’s life
is
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35.
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What occurs after cytokinesis is completed?
a. | The cell organizes its microtubules. | c. | The cell enters
G1. | b. | The cell begins to replicate its DNA. | d. | The cell enters
G2. |
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36.
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Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the cell cycle?
a. | cytokinesis ® mitosis ® G1 ® S ® G2 | b. | S ®
G1 ® G2 ®
mitosis ® cytokinesis | c. | G1 ®
S ® G2 ® mitosis ® cytokinesis | d. | mitosis ®
G1 ® S® G2
® cytokinesis |
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37.
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Cells that are not dividing remain in the
a. | mitosis phase. | c. | first gap phase. | b. | synthesis phase. | d. | second gap
phase. |
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38.
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The synthesis (S) phase is characterized by
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